In1990,ChinalaunchedthedevelopmentandopeningupofPudongNewAreainShanghai.DengXiaoping,consideredthechiefarchitectofChina鈥檚reformandopeningup,onceelaboratedontheimportanceofPudong鈥檚openingupanddevelopment:鈥淪henzhenfacesHongKong,ZhuhaifacesMacaoandXiamenfacesTaiwan,butPudongfacesthePacificOcean鈥攋ustacrossthepondfromtheUnitedStatesandEurope,andeventhewholeworld.鈥漈hisstatementundoubtedlyelevatedthepositionofPudong鈥檚developmentandopeningup.
After28yearsofrapiddevelopment,Pudonghasbeentransformedfroma鈥渂arrenmarsh鈥漣ntothe鈥渂ellwether鈥漮fChinesedevelopment,emergingasaninternationaleconomic,financial,tradeandshippinghub.Pudongisalsoasproudofitssocialprogressasmuchasitseconomicdevelopment.IthasbecometherepresentativeofChina鈥檚reformandopeningupandtheepitomeofShanghai鈥檚modernization.
AchievementsandExperience
Shanghaihasconsistentlysetrecordsontheheightsofbuildingsoverthepast28years.Atpresent,themetropolisishometofiveskyscrapersabove300metersand1,000-plushigh-risesabove100meters.TheseskyscrapersserveasatestamenttoShanghai鈥檚urbanandeconomicdevelopment.InSeptember2016,ChinaCulturalRelicsAcademyandtheArchitecturalSocietyofChinajointlyreleasedthefirstlistofChinesearchitecturalheritageofthe20thcentury.BoththeOrientalPearlRadio&TVTower(1995)andShanghaiJinmaoTower(1999)inPudongmadethelist.
Overthepast28years,Pudong鈥檚economicaggregatesoaredfromsixbillionyuanin1990tomorethan965billionyuanin2017.Duringthesameperiod,itstotalfiscalrevenuerosefrom1.1billionyuantonearly394billionyuan.Today,30,000foreign-fundedenterprises,281regionalheadquartersofmultinationalcorporations,andtheChina(Shanghai)PilotFreeTradeZoneallcallPudonghome.
OnJuly22,1990,theconstructionofLujiazuiFinanceandTradeZone,JinqiaoExportProcessingZoneandWaigaoqiaoFreeTradeZonewaslaunchedinShanghai.Now,thethreezonesallofferdistinctiveadvantages.Lujiazuiishometonearly40,000enterprisesfromhomeandabroadwhichformanindustrialsystemwithfinance,shippingandtradeasitscore.Jinqiaohasupgradedtointelligentmanufacturingandbuiltanecosphereinvolvingbiologicalmedicine,bigdataandtheInternetofThings.In2017,thetotalimportandexportvolumeofWaigaoqiaoreachednearly796billionyuan,withtheindustriesofinternationaltrade,modernlogisticsandexportprocessingasthethreepillars.WaigaoqiaohasbecomeanimportantinternationaltradecenterinShanghaiandeveninChina.
Pudong鈥檚developmentalexperiencehasfosteredcertaintyonfourmajorpiecesofadvice:First,alwayssticktothereformandopeningup.Second,promotebasicdevelopment,morphologicaldevelopmentandfunctionaldevelopmentinacoordinatedmanner.Third,adheretoservice-orientedfunctions.Pudong鈥檚developmentandopeningupshouldnotonlyservethedevelopmentofShanghaiandtheYangtzeRiverDelta,butalsoaimtoenhancethedevelopmentofthewholecountryandtheworldatlarge.Fourth,theconstructionofbothmaterialandspiritualcivilizationsshouldbecarriedoutsimultaneously.EstablishedinPudonginJuly1992,ZhangjiangHi-TechParkaimstobea鈥渟ciencecity鈥漵uitableforresidentialliving.byLiuSihongRoadtoSustainableDevelopment
Pudongnowfacestheproblemoffosteringgrowthmomentumandpromotingsustainablesocialandeconomicdevelopmentfromahigherstartingpoint.Ibelievethateffortsshouldbemadeinthefollowingways:
EconomicprosperityremainstheprerequisiteforPudong鈥檚sustainabledevelopment.Pudongshouldaccelerateitsindustrialrestructuringandmaintainitsstrongindustrialbase.Withthemissiontobuildanationalmanufacturingmodelzoneasanopportunity,Pudongshouldfocusonstrategicemergingindustriesincludingthenew-generationinformationtechnology,intelligentmanufacturingequipment,biomedicalandhigh-endmedicalequipment,andtheaerospaceindustry.Itshouldtargetthemid-to-highendoftheglobalvaluechain.
InnovationservesastheimpetusforPudong鈥檚sustainabledevelopment.Pudongshouldenhanceapplicationdepth,integrationandinnovationofnewtechnologies,includingtheinternet,bigdata,artificialintelligenceandblockchain,tobuildamodelnationalsmartcity.Transformationandupgradingoftheconsumptionstructureshouldbepromoted,andnewconsumptionmodesfacilitatedbycutting-edge鈥淚nternetPlus鈥漷echnologiesshouldbeencouraged.Developmentofthemanufacturing-relatedserviceindustryshouldbeaccelerated.Supportshouldbegiventoprivateenterprisestopromotetheirdevelopment,andinnovationshouldserveasthefuelforthearea鈥檚sustainabledevelopment.
ProfessionalsactasthefoundationforPudong鈥檚sustainabledevelopment.Pudongshouldimproveitshumanresourcepolicyandcreateasoundenvironmentforinnovation,whichwillattractmoreprofessionalsinstrategicscienceandtechnologyaswellasmoreleadingscientificandtechnologicaltalent,youngscientificandtechnologicalprofessionalsandhigh-caliberinnovationteams.Theintelligentmanufacturingindustryshouldbedriventodevelopfurther,whichwillprovidekeyhumanresourcesupportforPudong鈥檚transformationandupgrading.
Higher-levelintegrationbetweenurbanandruralareasneedstobepromoted.Urbandevelopmentbottomlinesonlandresources,population,ecologicalprotectionandsecurityguaranteesshouldbemaintained.Inefficientandbackwardproductioncapacitiesshouldbeadjustedoreliminated.Acirculareconomysuchasrecyclingrenewableresourceswiththehelpof鈥淚nternetPlus鈥漷echnologiesshouldbepromoted.Asafeandefficientpublicutilitynetworkshouldbeconstructed,andaconvenientandsmoothtransitnetworkshouldbebuilt.
Effortstoprotectandimprovetheecologicalenvironmentshouldcontinue.Promotionoftheconcerteddevelopmentofproduction,livelihoodandtheecologyshouldhappeninacoordinatedway.ThefocalpointofworkremainsgettingPM2.5andozoneconcentrationundercontrol.Anewcleanaircampaignshouldbelaunched,andsocialandeconomicsustainabledevelopmentshouldbesupportedbyahigh-qualityecologicalenvironment.
Constructionoftheeco-spaceshouldbereinforced.PublicspacefunctionalityoftheeastbankoftheHuangpuRivershouldbeimproved,andanewcountrysidelandscapefeaturing鈥渁regionoflakes,rivers,andpastoralscenery鈥漵houldbecreated.Anassessmentsystemforecologicalcivilizationconstructionshouldbeestablished.Greaterfinancialsupportshouldbedivertedtobolstersustainabledevelopment.Greentransportation,consumptionandresidencesshouldbeencouraged,andthegeneralpublicshouldbeencouragedtoparticipateintheconstructionoftheecologicalcivilization.
Comprehensivetreatmentofthewaterenvironmentshouldbestrengthened.Thelayoutfortheriversystemshouldbedesignedreasonably.ThepilotconstructionoftheShanghaiSpongeCityprogram,launchedin2016,shouldbeacceleratedinPudong.Theriverchiefschemeshouldbeputintostandardpracticeandthelong-termmechanismforwatertreatmentshouldbeimproved.
TheauthorisaresearcherwiththeDevelopmentResearchCenterofChina鈥檚StateCouncil.